The Role of Cybersecurity in Responding to the Requirements of Digital Tourism: An Application to Tourism Companies in the City of Mosul
Keywords:
Digital Tourism, Cybersecurity, Tourism Companies, Cybersecurity Measures, Mosul
Abstract
The sector of digital tourism represents the latest in tourism activities, though it involves some challenges, especially threats associated with cybersecurity risks. This study aims to understand the concept of digital tourism, its significance, and characteristics, and to identify the requirements for enabling digital tourism. It also seeks to clarify the concept of cybersecurity, its objectives, and its types, as well as explore the relationship between cybersecurity measures and the activation of digital tourism. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach to analyze the study variables and a survey method by distributing a questionnaire to a random sample of 130 individuals working in tourism companies in Mosul. The findings indicate a strong correlation between technological, economic, human, and legal cybersecurity measures and the requirements for activating digital tourism. The study recommends training employees on handling cybersecurity threats and coordinating with the Ministry of Tourism to issue a certification for cybersecurity standards compliance for tourism companies.
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[36] E. Luiijf, K. Besseling, and P. De Graaf, "Nineteen national cybersecurity strategies," International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, vol. 6, no. 9, 2013.
[37] A. Nedeleam and A. Bălan, "E-tourism and tourism services consumer protection," Amfiteatru Economic, vol. 12, no. 28, 2010.
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[2] M. Adly, "The unified tourism platform," Policy Compass Journal, Information and Decision Support Center, Cairo, vol. 2, no. 5, 2023.
[3] M. Al-Aqab, The internet and the age of information revolution. Homa Publishing House, Algeria, 2016.
[4] A. A. Al-Dalabih, Enhancing cybersecurity within the state and its role in preserving national security: The fifth generation of weapons. A field study in Jordan, 2012-2021, Unpublished master's thesis, Al al-Bayt University, Jordan, 2021.
[5] S. Al-Hamami, New media: Epistemology, problems, and contexts. University Research Series, Tunisia, 2021.
[6] K. M. Al-Jenfawi, "The digital transformation of national institutions and the challenges of cybersecurity from the perspective of academic police officers in Kuwait," Arab Journal of Literature and Human Sciences, Arab Foundation for Education, Science and Literature, vol. 5, no. 19, 2021.
[7] I. Al-Juhari, "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the information technology industry in Egypt: Opportunities and threats," Egyptian Journal of Development and Planning, Cairo, vol. 28, no. 1, 2021.
[8] M. H. Al-Qahmani, "The impact of social transformation on raising family awareness through cybersecurity protection methods," Journal of the College of Education, Mansoura University, vol. 110, 2020.
[9] R. K. H. Al-Rubaie, Tourist guidance technologies: The Chinese destination. Global Tourism Publications Series, Metabook Publishing House, Cairo, 2022.
[10] M. A. Al-Samhan, "Requirements for achieving cybersecurity for management information systems at King Saud University," Journal of the College of Education, Mansoura University, vol. 111, 2020.
[11] A. Z. K. Al-Tahat, The impact of managing cybersecurity risks on the quality of internal auditing in Jordanian commercial banks: The amended governance standard for cybersecurity. Unpublished master's thesis, Jerash University, Jordan, 2023.
[12] M. A. Al-Tuwisi, Cybersecurity as a competitive advantage for hotels. Global Tourism Publications Series, Metabook Publishing House, Cairo, 2024.
[13] Y. A. Atiya, et al., "Information technology and its applications among tourism companies and service providers," Arab Union of Universities Journal for Tourism and Hospitality, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Suez Canal University, vol. 5, no. 1, 2008.
[14] M. Flatah, "Crowds on the horizon: Is Saudi Arabia ready to deal with overtourism that represents a negative aspect of tourism in the digital age?" King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies, Riyadh, 2021.
[15] H. Hamid, Evaluating the role of e-commerce in tourism companies, Unpublished master's thesis, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Helwan University, 2019.
[16] B. Hamza and M. B. Ali, "The importance of electronic tourism as a mechanism to revitalize tourism services," in Second International Forum: Entrepreneurship and its Role in Developing the Tourism Sector, 2017.
[17] B. A. Khreisat, "Cybersecurity in Iraq: A review of the Global Cybersecurity Index 2020," Al-Bayan Center for Studies and Planning, Baghdad, 2021.
[18] T. T. Krishan, et al., "Applications of digital tourism and its role in enhancing the digitization of societies and the shift towards smart tourist cities," International Journal of Sustainable Development and Urban Planning, vol. 3, no. 1, 2016.
[19] K. Kwas and N. Qumrawi, "The role of electronic tourism in developing the tourism sector in Algeria based on the experiences of some Arab countries," Institute of Economic Sciences Journal, vol. 17, no. 3, 2013.
[20] S. Lakhder and S. Shenbi, "Applying modern information and communication technology to achieve tourism development: A model of digital tourism in France," International Scientific Journal for the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Helwan University, vol. 5, no. 2, 2018.
[21] Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, "Report on digital tourism," Riyadh, 2023.
[22] G. A. Mohamed, "Digital transformation in Egyptian tourism: Concepts, challenges, and requirements," International Journal of Heritage, Tourism, and Hospitality, Fayoum University, vol. 13, no. 2, 2019.
[23] M. H. Mohamed and N. M. Ghanam, "The impact of digital transformation on the quality of service performance in the tourism and hospitality sector according to Egypt's Vision 2030," Journal of the College of Tourism and Hotels, Mansoura University, vol. 11, no. 3, 2022.
[24] F. Olayan and S. Abir, "The digital gap in tourism due to inequity in adopting information and communication technology: Analyzing the impact of the digital tourism gap on the interaction between supply and demand," in Electronic tourism seminar: The new challenge for the tourism marketing system, Blida University, 2017.
[25] H. Orwan, "The legal challenges of the tourism industry in the digital age," International Journal of Law, Special Issue on Law in Conjunction with Tourism Activities: Its Determinants and Prospects, Qatar University, 2019.
[26] I. Qasouri, "The reality of electronic tourism in Algeria and its role in achieving sustainable tourism development," Arab Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Archaeology, vol. 2, no. 2, 2021.
[27] World Tourism Organization, "Tourism and digital transformation," Executive Council, 108th session, Spain, 2018.
[28] S. Beatrice and C. Mihãlcescu, "The impact and perspectives of e-tourism at a global level," Romanian Economic and Business Review, Special Issue, 2013.
[29] D. Benyon, et al., "Presence and digital tourism," Springer, 2013. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-013-0493-8.
[30] S. Deane, "Over 60 online travel booking statistics," Stratos Jet Charters, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.stratosjets.com/blog/online-travel-statistics
[31] U. Gretzel, "The role of social media in creating and addressing overtourism," in R. Dodds & R. Butler, Overtourism: Issues, Realities and Solutions, De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2019.
[32] U. Gretzel and K. Yoo, "Social media in hospitality and tourism," in S. K. Dixit, Routledge Handbook of Consumer Behaviour in Hospitality and Tourism, Routledge, 2017.
[33] D. Karr, "Statistics on how travelers utilize social media before, during, and after a vacation," Martech Zone, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://martech.zone/social-media-statistics-travel-vacation
[34] S. Lama, et al., "Barriers of e-tourism adoption in developing countries," in Proceedings of the Australasian Conference on Information Systems, Sydney, Australia, 2018.
[35] T. Limba, et al., "Cybersecurity management model for critical infrastructure," The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, vol. 4, no. 4, 2017.
[36] E. Luiijf, K. Besseling, and P. De Graaf, "Nineteen national cybersecurity strategies," International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, vol. 6, no. 9, 2013.
[37] A. Nedeleam and A. Bălan, "E-tourism and tourism services consumer protection," Amfiteatru Economic, vol. 12, no. 28, 2010.
[38] T. Pencarelli, "The digital revolution in the travel and tourism industry," Information Technology & Tourism, vol. 22, no. 5, 2020.
Published
2025-02-08
How to Cite
Dr. Shakir Mahmood Awad, L. (2025). The Role of Cybersecurity in Responding to the Requirements of Digital Tourism: An Application to Tourism Companies in the City of Mosul . Central Asian Journal of Innovations on Tourism Management and Finance, 6(1), 201-218. https://doi.org/10.51699/cajitmf.v6i1.841
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