Central Asian Journal of Innovations on Tourism Management and Finance

Methods of Effective Use of Tourist Resources: Sustainable Tourism Development in The Regions (The Case of Samarkand Region)

Nargiza Abduvakhidova — Mon, 14 Apr 2025 07:30:41 +0000

This study explores the sustainable development of tourism in the regions of Uzbekistan, with a particular emphasis on the Samarkand region. The research aims to identify effective methods for the utilization of tourist resources that simultaneously support environmental sustainability and socio-economic advancement. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative data from surveys conducted with local tourism stakeholders—such as business owners, tourists, and municipal officials—with qualitative insights drawn from interviews and focus group discussions. Additionally, secondary data from official statistics and regional tourism strategies were analyzed to support the findings. Results reveal that although Samarkand is rich in cultural and historical assets, sustainable tourism efforts face several challenges, including infrastructure limitations, insufficient digital integration, and fluctuations in seasonal demand. Nonetheless, the study highlights successful practices such as community-based tourism models, eco-tourism routes, and strategic public-private partnerships that contribute to greater sustainability and inclusivity. The research offers a theoretical contribution by proposing a region-specific framework that aligns economic development with the preservation of cultural heritage, particularly within the unique socio-political context of a post-Soviet Central Asian setting. Practical implications point toward the need for improved digital infrastructure, targeted capacity-building initiatives for local actors, and financial incentives for projects aligned with sustainable tourism goals. Limitations of the study include a relatively small sample size and a focus confined to one geographic region, which may limit the broader applicability of the findings. Future research is encouraged to expand this analysis across multiple regions and include longitudinal data to observe evolving trends in sustainable tourism development.

Sustainable Development of Higher Education Institutions: Principles and Mechanisms

Olim Mamayunusovich Pardaev — Mon, 14 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The sustainable development of higher education institutions (HEIs) is essential for fostering long-term academic, social, and environmental impact. General background emphasizes the rising demand for universities to adopt sustainable practices in governance, curriculum, infrastructure, and community engagement. Specific background highlights growing international commitments such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which position HEIs as key drivers of inclusive and responsible development. Despite increasing efforts, a knowledge gap remains in identifying actionable principles and effective mechanisms to institutionalize sustainability within higher education. This study aims to explore core principles—such as equity, transparency, innovation, and accountability—and to assess the mechanisms that enable sustainable transformation in HEIs. Using a qualitative approach involving policy review and institutional case analysis, the research identifies best practices across diverse contexts. Findings reveal that success depends on integrated planning, stakeholder involvement, green campus initiatives, and alignment with global frameworks. The novelty of this research lies in its holistic model linking institutional mission, strategic planning, and sustainability outcomes. Implications suggest that embedding sustainability into all functions of HEIs enhances resilience, societal relevance, and global competitiveness.

Streamlining The Banking System and Private Sector Enterprise for The Promotion of Green Energy

Khalimjon Salimovich Safarov — Tue, 15 Apr 2025 05:16:57 +0000

The paper is particularly concerned with the strategic coordination of bank systems and private sector actions to increase green energy. It puts special emphasis upon financial institutions – as agents for change at every step in this area – needing structural adjustment in order to deal with all sort of green financing tools like green bonds, loans linked to sustainability, and environmental investment portfolios. Through analysis of policy structures, investment behavior, and the regulatory environment, the paper argues how vital public-private partnerships (PPP) are to speeding up modification from traditional sources of power over into renewable energy. The study uses methodological approaches such as literature surveys, comparative cases studies, and policy analysis.

Factors for Attracting Investments to Special Economic Zones

Djurayeva Iroda Bahrom qizi — Tue, 15 Apr 2025 09:32:14 +0000

This article analyzes the key factors influencing investment attraction in special economic zones (SEZs), with a focus on developing countries, particularly the case of Uzbekistan. It examines the challenges faced by SEZs and proposes solutions for overcoming them. The study highlights the role of SEZs in promoting economic growth, increasing export potential, creating new jobs, and advancing technological development. Based on the findings, practical recommendations have been developed to ensure sustainable economic growth, attract investments, and strengthen international integration through SEZs.

Marketing of Ecological and Organic Products, Strategies and Development Paths

Nazarova Gulruh Umarjonovna — Tue, 15 Apr 2025 09:45:46 +0000

Currently, the marketing of ecological and organic products is gaining increasing importance around the world. The growing demand of consumers for environmentally friendly and healthy products creates the need to introduce new marketing strategies in this area. This article analyzes the important aspects of ecological and organic product marketing, effective strategies, and development paths of the industry. Innovative marketing approaches, including digital marketing, ecological branding, green advertising, and customer influence strategies, can yield effective results in the organic product market. In addition, the introduction of international ecological certificates (EU Organic, USDA Organic, ECOCERT) and local standards increases confidence and competitiveness in the market. The results of the study show that the use of social networks, e-commerce platforms, and direct sales channels is important in promoting ecological products. At the same time, state support, consumer awareness, and the development of sustainable production systems are among the important aspects of ecological product marketing. The article provides suggestions for improving the marketing of ecological and organic products and highlights the future prospects of this industry.

The Impact of Hospital Services on Patients' Expectations and Satisfaction A Study of Tertiary Hospitals In Henan Province

Wang Yusen, Ibiwani Alisa Binti Hussain — Tue, 15 Apr 2025 10:16:54 +0000

In light of the fact that healthcare reform is an urgent problem in China, all of the country's tertiary institutions are currently investigating different ways to improve patient care under the new healthcare system while still continuing to manage medical concerns. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlations between patient satisfaction and expectations, as well as to analyze the influence that hospital services have on the expectations and contentment of patients. 3. Evaluate the impact that a variety of hospital services have on the expectations and levels of satisfaction of patients, and determine whether or not these services contribute to an improvement in the patients' overall experience. 4. Investigate the existence of a link between the services provided by the hospital and these characteristics, and propose methods to improve the level of patient satisfaction and expectations. The history of employment. Researchers conducted an investigation into the findings of research about the influence of health data services on the expectations and levels of satisfaction of patients in order to uncover potential solutions to the problem of unhappy patients.

Driving Innovation in Adventure Tourism through Certification Systems: A Diffusion of Innovations Perspective

Taniyev Ahmadjon — Wed, 16 Apr 2025 16:53:53 +0000

Innovation is vital for the survival and competitiveness of tourism enterprises, particularly in the dynamic and experience-driven sector of adventure tourism. This article explores how national certification and quality assurance systems act as catalysts for systemic innovation, drawing upon Rogers of Innovations (DOI) theory. Through a qualitative multi-case study of three national certification schemes—VisitScotland Quality Assurance (QA), New Zealand Qualmark (QM), and Iceland's Vakinn—the research examines the impact of innovation attributes such as relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability on the diffusion process. The findings suggest that relative advantage and compatibility are the most influential drivers for adoption, while complexity and observability play moderate roles, and trialability remains limited. Certifications, although intended to promote standardization and safety, can both facilitate and hinder innovation depending on their design, focus, and adaptability to specific tourism sub-sectors. The study reveals the nuanced dynamics between innovation and standardization, highlighting the importance of aligning certification systems with the unique needs of experience-based tourism. The article concludes with recommendations for developing more flexible and inclusive certification frameworks that promote innovation without compromising authenticity or sustainability. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on innovation policy, sustainable tourism, and quality assurance in the adventure tourism industry.

Sustainable Development of Higher Education Institutions: Principles and Mechanisms

Pardaev Olim Mamayunusovich — Thu, 17 Apr 2025 11:58:34 +0000

The sustainable development of higher education institutions (HEIs) is essential for fostering long-term academic, social, and environmental impact. General background emphasizes the rising demand for universities to adopt sustainable practices in governance, curriculum, infrastructure, and community engagement. Specific background highlights growing international commitments such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which position HEIs as key drivers of inclusive and responsible development. Despite increasing efforts, a knowledge gap remains in identifying actionable principles and effective mechanisms to institutionalize sustainability within higher education. This study aims to explore core principles—such as equity, transparency, innovation, and accountability—and to assess the mechanisms that enable sustainable transformation in HEIs. Using a qualitative approach involving policy review and institutional case analysis, the research identifies best practices across diverse contexts. Findings reveal that success depends on integrated planning, stakeholder involvement, green campus initiatives, and alignment with global frameworks. The novelty of this research lies in its holistic model linking institutional mission, strategic planning, and sustainability outcomes. Implications suggest that embedding sustainability into all functions of HEIs enhances resilience, societal relevance, and global competitiveness.

Improvement of The Organizational and Economic Mechanism of Smart Tourismi In Uzbekistan

Yusubova Makhliyo Ikromovna — Fri, 18 Apr 2025 04:25:25 +0000

This article examines ways to improve the organizational and economic mechanism of SMART tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan. An analysis of the current legislative framework regulating digitalization and SMART tourism is conducted, with an emphasis on regional coverage of all territories of the country. Domestic and international sources are analyzed - scientific publications, statistical data, regulatory legal acts, reports of international organizations and successful cases of implementing SMART solutions in the field of tourism abroad. Key institutional barriers to the digital transformation of the tourism industry of Uzbekistan are identified. The main part presents an in-depth study of the legal framework for the development of digital tourism, as well as examples of existing digital solutions (national tourism portal, electronic visa system, QR codes, etc.). Based on the analysis, recommendations are proposed to improve the organizational and economic mechanisms of SMART tourism, including proposals for reforming legislation, strengthening interdepartmental coordination and stimulating innovation. A conclusion is made about the need for an integrated approach combining technological innovation and institutional reforms to ensure sustainable growth and competitiveness of the tourism industry of Uzbekistan in the digital era.

Improving Mechanisms for Enhancing The Efficiency of using Intellectual Resources in The Service Sector

Abduvohidova Gulshan Akmalovna — Sat, 19 Apr 2025 13:40:31 +0000

This article explores effective mechanisms for enhancing the use of intellectual resources in the service sector, which is essential for improving enterprise competitiveness and service quality. The study emphasizes the role of intellectual resources—such as human capital, knowledge management, and innovation—in optimizing service operations, boosting productivity, and increasing customer satisfaction. It analyzes key factors affecting intellectual resource efficiency and proposes practical strategies, including the integration of digital technologies and knowledge-sharing platforms. The research highlights the importance of investing in employee development, fostering a culture of innovation, and adopting modern management approaches. Based on a comprehensive analysis using statistical, expert, and comparative methods, the paper offers actionable recommendations to improve the utilization of intellectual resources in service enterprises.

Ensuring Competitiveness in Small Business Enterprises and Assessing Their Impact on The Economy

Melibayeva Gulxon Nazrullayevna — Sun, 20 Apr 2025 17:28:24 +0000

Ensuring competitiveness in small business enterprises is a crucial factor in fostering sustainable economic growth and innovation. This study explores key determinants of small business competitiveness, including access to financial resources, technological advancements, market positioning, and government policies. The research also examines various strategies that small businesses implement to maintain and enhance their competitive edge in dynamic market conditions. Additionally, the paper assesses the broader economic impact of small business competitiveness, focusing on employment generation, productivity improvement, and contributions to GDP growth. By analyzing both theoretical perspectives and empirical data, the study provides insights into effective mechanisms for enhancing the resilience and market adaptability of small enterprises. The findings aim to support policymakers and business practitioners in developing strategies that strengthen small businesses and maximize their economic contributions.

The Need to Assess The Managerial Potential of Leading Employees of The State Civil Service

Rafikova Ziyodakhan Akmaljonovna — Tue, 22 Apr 2025 11:13:20 +0000

This article analyzes the need for assessing the management potential of managerial personnel in the state civil service from a scientific and practical perspective. The tasks set out in the regulatory legal acts of Uzbekistan for assessing the management potential of managerial personnel are studied from a scientific and methodological perspective. A framework of the most important competencies has been developed based on the assessment of the management potential of managerial personnel. Practical proposals and recommendations have been developed for assessing the management potential of managerial personnel when appointing them to positions in the state civil service.

Methodological Aspects of Management Accounting in Construction Organizations

Mamutova Amina Rakhmetovna — Wed, 23 Apr 2025 16:49:50 +0000

The complexity and specificity of construction processes demand an advanced approach to management accounting that ensures financial transparency, cost control, and efficient resource allocation. Traditional accounting models often fall short in addressing the dynamic, project-based, and multi-phase nature of construction activities, especially in the context of digital transformation and sustainability trends. Despite the growing body of research on management accounting, practical implementation in construction organizations remains inconsistent, particularly in integrating cost accounting with life cycle analysis and digital platforms. This study aims to analyze the methodological aspects of management accounting in construction organizations, assess existing practices, and propose an improved accounting framework tailored to industry-specific needs. The findings reveal key shortcomings in current practices, such as limited digital integration, lack of accounting by responsibility centers, and insufficient budgeting coordination. The study proposes aligning cost management with the construction project's life cycle and integrating ERP and BIM technologies for real-time decision-making. It also introduces strategies for risk sensitivity analysis and life cycle costing to improve long-term financial outcomes. The research presents a holistic methodology that incorporates traditional cost accounting methods—such as custom, actual, and normative approaches—with modern digital tools and sustainable construction practices. The proposed model enhances the effectiveness of financial planning, improves internal control, and supports strategic sustainability. It provides construction managers with a comprehensive tool for informed decision-making and optimizing project performance from planning to utilization.

Financial Management System of Join-Stock Capital

Madina Khurramova — Tue, 29 Apr 2025 09:01:52 +0000

The current stage of the development of corporatization consists in a powerful concentration of capital through mergers and acquisitions of joint-stock companies, the creation of strategic alliances; globalization through the organization of subsidiaries in the most attractive foreign markets, the distribution of goods and services outside their country. The current stage is characterized by the growth of multinational companies (TNCs), attracting the cheapest investments, regardless of their country of origin, ensuring the integration of industrial and financial capital, as well as pursuing a policy of diversifying organizational forms and areas of activity.

Problems of Management Accounting Organization in Manufacturing Enterprises

Kholisa Kamoliddinovna Kuldosheva — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 03:54:38 +0000

This paper highlights the critical challenges associated with the organization of management accounting in manufacturing enterprises, emphasizing the necessity for systematic approaches to improve efficiency and competitiveness. Moreover, it explores the evolving role of management accounting in enhancing decision-making processes, supporting cost control, and providing accurate information for pricing and strategic planning. Special attention is given to the significance of management accounting in the analysis of production costs, identifying cost drivers, and accurately determining product cost in the context of modern industrial operations. The findings of the study highlight actionable strategies for manufacturing enterprises aiming to strengthen their management accounting functions. By implementing these recommendations, companies can not only achieve greater cost transparency and operational efficiency but also build a robust foundation for sustainable growth in an increasingly dynamic and competitive business environment.

Analysis of The Current State of Strategic Cost Management

Khayitboeva Laylo Oybekovna — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 04:06:52 +0000

This paper examines the current state of Strategic Cost Management (SCM) practices across various industries and enterprise sizes, highlighting the transition from traditional cost accounting systems to strategically driven cost frameworks. The article explores both the theoretical foundations of SCM and its practical applications through a comprehensive review of the literature and a comparative analysis of real-world company case studies. Drawing from academic research, industry reports, and cross-industry comparisons, the analysis digs into how widely advanced costing methods—such as activity-based costing (ABC), target costing, and value chain analysis—are being adopted. It also looks at how digital tools like ERP systems, cloud technologies, and AI-powered analytics are being woven into cost strategies. Finally, the study highlights key challenges that companies face, such as outdated technology, poor alignment with business strategy, and gaps in employee skills.

Significance and Analytical Indicators of The Increase in The Leasing Portfolio Volume in The Uzbekistan Market

Yulduz Panjiyevna Khalikulova — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 04:14:59 +0000

This paper takes a close look at both the theory and real-world experience behind the recent surge in leasing activity across Uzbekistan’s rapidly developing economic sectors. The main goal of this work is to scientifically substantiate the importance of the growth of the leasing portfolio for the national economy, in particular, its role in increasing investment activity and stimulating the development of small and medium-sized businesses, as well as to deeply study the main analytical indicators used to assess and monitor this growth. Moreover, it analyzes the main analytical indicators, including the dynamics of the volume of the leasing portfolio, its structure by sectors and regions, the volume of new leasing transactions and concluded contracts, the share of non-performing leasing assets, based on the latest statistical data on the leasing market of Uzbekistan.

Overview of Employment Generation of Family-Run Businesses in Tourism in Uzbekistan

Vafokulova Mekhruza — Thu, 01 May 2025 13:37:01 +0000

Family-owned businesses are considered a very important aspect in the development of Uzbekistan’s tourism sector, contributing to mainly employment generation, economic growth. This article explores family-run tourism enterprises in Uzbekistan, highlighting their impact on the labor market and local societies employment rate. The research examines the influence of government policies, financial accessibility on the sustainability of these businesses. Using a combination of literature review and statistical analysis, the study identifies the key factors of the success and expansion of family-owned tourism businesses. The findings suggest that family-owned business can be very successful and main economic drive of the government of Uzbekistan, if those enterprises can overcome problems like, financial accessibility, the business skill and knowledge of family members and some interferes of family relationships inside the business. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by touching underexplored sector of family-owned tourism enterprises in Uzbekistan.

The Contribution Of Agricultural Industries To Eliminating Disparities In A Region's Socioeconomic Development

Alisher Ismoilov Jobir ugli — Sat, 03 May 2025 06:28:50 +0000

In this article, the role of agricultural networks in addressing and overcoming interregional disparities in the socio-economic development of regions is examined through a detailed and scientifically rigorous framework. The strategic significance of the agricultural sector as a crucial factor in mitigating regional developmental imbalances is thoroughly analyzed, with particular emphasis placed on effective agricultural management practices and innovative development pathways. The research scientifically substantiates the importance of modernizing agriculture as a key mechanism to stimulate regional economic growth, enhance productivity, and achieve sustainable development. Furthermore, the study systematically investigates how increasing agricultural productivity can positively impact employment opportunities, elevate income levels, and enhance the overall quality of life for regional populations. The analysis incorporates comprehensive empirical data, providing evidence-based insights into the agricultural sector's potential to significantly reduce socio-economic inequalities between different regions. Based on extensive research findings, the authors present scientifically grounded practical recommendations designed to effectively reduce existing regional economic disparities. These recommendations include strategies for adopting advanced agricultural technologies, optimizing resource allocation, and promoting regional specialization within agricultural networks. Additionally, the research identifies and outlines promising directions for future investigation to deepen understanding and further refine strategies for balanced regional development. The study integrates both international and domestic experiences, drawing on a robust scientific and methodological foundation, complemented by empirical analysis. This approach ensures that the research conclusions and recommendations are highly applicable and relevant for policymakers, agricultural managers, and stakeholders committed to fostering equitable and sustainable regional development.

Theoretical Approaches And Indicators For Measuring The Level Of Regional Economic Security

Madraximov Umirbek Muxammadovich — Sat, 03 May 2025 07:08:16 +0000

This article provides a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of existing scientific and theoretical views on assessing the level of economic security of regions. The author scientifically reveals the essence of the concept of economic security, scientific views on its formation, and its importance in ensuring the economic and social stability of regions in the conditions of modern economic development. The study examines in detail the main factors that create the need for assessing and monitoring economic security. Regional economic security indicators used at the international and national levels are analyzed in detail, and their effectiveness and advantages are revealed in a comparative scientific manner. In particular, the impact of such key indicators as gross regional product, investment volume, employment and unemployment rates, and infrastructure development on economic security is widely discussed. The study also elaborates in detail the criteria for selecting and applying economic security indicators, and scientific and practical recommendations are given to make the indicator system more effective. The proposed methodologies are aimed at expanding the possibilities of objectively and accurately assessing the level of economic security. In addition, practical measures to increase regional economic security and strategic recommendations aimed at increasing the effectiveness of regional policy are put forward. The results of the study are of scientific and practical importance for ensuring the economic security of regions, stimulating economic development, and strengthening social stability.

Capabilities of Restaurants To Attract Loyal Customers

Sat, 03 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the capabilities of restaurants to attract and retain loyal customers in an increasingly competitive environment. Customer loyalty is examined as a crucial factor for sustainable success in the restaurant industry, with particular attention to food quality, pricing strategies, customer service, ambiance, loyalty programs, and online presence.The research employs a mixed-method approach based on descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Data was collected via an online survey distributed through social media platforms, primarily targeting respondents from Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Microsoft Excel was utilized for quantitative data processing, and open-ended responses were thematically categorized to enrich the qualitative findings. The findings reveal that food quality, service excellence, and fair pricing are the primary determinants of customer loyalty. Although loyalty programs were deemed important by 75.7% of respondents, actual participation remained low at 24.2%, indicating a gap between perception and practice. The study highlights the significance of emotional connection, brand image, and transparency in communication as additional factors influencing loyalty. Addressing negative customer experiences effectively was also found to significantly impact return intentions. The research concludes that restaurants must adopt a holistic, customer-centric approach encompassing superior service quality, customized loyalty programs, robust online presence, and emotionally resonant branding to build sustainable customer loyalty. These insights contribute practical recommendations for enhancing the restaurant industry's competitiveness, particularly in the local Uzbek context, and provide a foundation for future regional and sectoral comparisons.

Economic Factors for Ensuring Safety in Tourism

Botir Rahmatullayevich Pardayev — Wed, 07 May 2025 23:05:34 +0000

This article explores the essential economic factors involved in ensuring safety within historical and cultural tourism. It emphasizes the importance of safety infrastructure, trained personnel, insurance, technical maintenance, and emergency preparedness. The study employs economic modeling and cost-benefit analysis to examine the relationship between tourism safety and sectoral sustainability. Using both domestic and international cases, including post-crisis drops in tourism flow, the paper shows that investing in safety not only prevents losses but also fosters long-term economic growth by increasing tourist confidence and repeat visits. A conceptual cycle is presented, linking safety investments with returns through increased tourism revenues and reinvestment. The findings support that proactive safety expenditures are economically justified, particularly in high-value heritage destinations. This paper provides practical insights for policymakers and tourism stakeholders aiming to enhance competitiveness and resilience through well-funded safety measures.

Expert Assessment of The Economic and Ecological Situation of The Khoresm Region Based on Questionnaires

Sapaev Maksudbek Karimovich — Thu, 08 May 2025 01:26:14 +0000

In the article In order to study the Khorezm region regionally and assess the economic and environmental development of the region, questionnaires were conducted, and studies were conducted to assess the situation expertly. Also, the questionnaires were analyzed by online survey in the regions. As a result of the studies, proposals and recommendations were made for the economic, environmental and social development of the region.

Fоrmаtiоn and Develоpment Stаges of Аpprоаches Tо Аssessing Finаnciаl Security In Jоint Stоck Cоmpаnies

Qоsimоv Sаlоhiddin Iskаndаrоvich — Thu, 08 May 2025 13:38:07 +0000

This аrticle аnаlyzes the necessity оf аssessing finаnciаl security in jоint-stоck cоmpаnies in Uzbekistаn, its fоrmаtiоn stаges, scientific аpprоаches, аnd the evоlutiоn оf prаcticаl implementаtiоns. The theоreticаl fоundаtiоns оf the cоncept оf finаnciаl security, the internаl аnd externаl fаctоrs influencing it, the system оf evаluаtiоn indicаtоrs, аnd the impаct оf these indicаtоrs оn the аctivities оf jоint-stоck cоmpаnies аre extensively discussed. Furthermоre, speciаl аttentiоn is given tо the eаrly identificаtiоn оf finаnciаl threаts аnd the mechаnisms fоr their effective mаnаgement under mоdern cоrpоrаte gоvernаnce cоnditiоns. The reseаrch findings аlsо include recоmmendаtiоns fоr identifying аnd аddressing the prоblems existing in the prаctice оf Uzbekistаn.

Regional Dynamics in Hotel Industry Development: Empirical Evidence from Uzbekistan’s Tourism Sector

Kuvandikov Sardor — Tue, 13 May 2025 00:51:34 +0000

This study examines the factors that influence the development of the hospitality industry in various regions of Uzbekistan from 2015 to 2023. It evaluates hotel capacity and revenue under a fixed-effects panel data model by means of tourist arrivals, foreign direct investment, government subsidies, digital infrastructure, and skilled labour availability. While macroeconomic stability and urbanisation improve regional growth, the results show that all important factors positively and significantly affect hotel industry performance. The COVID-19 epidemic had a transitory but major harmful impact. These findings provide evidence-based direction for focused policy initiatives to support equitable and sustainable development in Uzbekistan's hotel sector.

The Role of Benefits and Preferences in The Development of Small Business and Entrepreneurship

Turanboyeb Boburjon Qodirjon oʻgʻli — Thu, 15 May 2025 01:04:57 +0000

Currently, economic reform is being carried out in Uzbekistan, one of the main directions of which is the stimulation and development of small and medium-sized businesses. Based on this, the article discusses the role of benefits and preferences in developing small businesses and entrepreneurship. The role and significance of this issue in increasing competitiveness are considered. The article analyses the factors and risks associated with the main directions of benefits and preferences in developing small businesses and entrepreneurial activity against the backdrop of a new system of economic processes inherent in a modern market economy. Priority tasks of state mechanisms for stimulating small business and entrepreneurship as an important factor of innovative development are defined. As the main task of the transition to a digital economy, it is proposed to create a system of benefits and preferences that ensure the development of the activities of small businesses and entrepreneurship.

Problems and Solutions of Attracting Investments in Economic Regions

Jiyanov Laziz Najimovich — Thu, 15 May 2025 01:45:56 +0000

This study examines the pressing challenges and viable solutions associated with attracting both foreign and domestic investments to the economic regions of Uzbekistan. Although the country has made substantial progress in reforming its investment climate—evident in legal enhancements, infrastructure upgrades, and the creation of special economic zones—persistent regional disparities and bureaucratic inefficiencies continue to hinder balanced development. By analyzing statistical trends from 2020 to 2024 and identifying key investor countries, this research provides a comprehensive overview of investment dynamics in the country. A SWOT analysis is utilized to diagnose internal strengths and weaknesses alongside external opportunities and threats. The study concludes by offering targeted policy recommendations that emphasize innovation, regional infrastructure, human capital, and public-private partnerships as essential pillars for fostering long-term, inclusive growth across Uzbekistan’s diverse economic landscape.

Using The Uae's Experience in Attracting Investments to The Uzbekistan Economy

Otajonova Charoskhon Polvonkuli qizi — Thu, 15 May 2025 02:22:05 +0000

This article explores the successful experience of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) and assesses its applicability to improving the investment climate in Uzbekistan. By analyzing the UAE’s economic policies, legal reforms, and infrastructure development, the study identifies the key factors contributing to the country’s position as one of the top global destinations for FDI . The paper presents a comparative analysis supported by economic and statistical data, highlighting strategies such as the establishment of specialized free economic zones, investor-friendly tax regimes, and legislative liberalization. Drawing on the UAE's model, the study proposes policy recommendations for Uzbekistan aimed at enhancing investment attractiveness, promoting economic diversification, and fostering sustainable development. The findings provide a foundation for adopting best practices to boost investor confidence and economic competitiveness in Uzbekistan.

Global Green Economy and Its Role in Uzbekistan

Omonova Mubinaxon, Ikrom Kenjayev — Thu, 15 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article, devoted to the development of the green economy in Uzbekistan and on a global scale, discusses a number of important issues. Overall inclusive, environmental sustainability, access to renewable energy sources, and the need to combat climate change. This article describes the development of the green economy worldwide and strategies aimed at protecting the environment, and is expected to be based on major research and recommendations from organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank. The important measures and laws adopted during Uzbekistan's transition to a green economy, including legal acts on the development of renewable energy sources, are indicated. Speaking about the experience of Uzbekistan and other countries in the transition to a green economy, international cooperation and joint projects, special attention was paid to joint initiatives with the United Nations, the World Bank and the European Union, as well as the introduction of environmental technologies. There were also suggestions about the need to create additional incentive systems to increase environmental awareness of the population and introduce green technologies into business. The article also provides information on the funds of the state budget of Uzbekistan allocated for climate-related activities.

Statistical Research on Ways to Increase Employment of The Population of The Republic of Uzbekistan

Razikova Gulmira Sharifovna — Thu, 15 May 2025 14:04:55 +0000

This study provides a comprehensive statistical analysis of the current employment dynamics in the Republic of Uzbekistan, with a particular focus on identifying effective mechanisms to increase employment rates. The research highlights the pivotal role of labor market reforms, the modernization of vocational education, entrepreneurship promotion, and the implementation of state-supported job creation programs. Using official statistical data and trend analysis, the article examines employment and unemployment patterns across various sectors, identifies key challenges, and evaluates the effectiveness of existing policies. Furthermore, the study applies econometric modeling to forecast labor market developments and suggests evidence-based recommendations aimed at enhancing workforce competitiveness, reducing youth unemployment, and fostering sustainable economic growth in the country. The findings underscore the necessity for strategic investments in human capital, digital skills development, and stronger public-private partnerships to build a resilient and inclusive labor market.

Fundamental Aspect of Intellectual and Innovation Rights Protection

Aliyeva Elnara Ametovna — Thu, 15 May 2025 15:35:10 +0000

This article examines the critical importance of enhancing patent activity among business entities as a foundational instrument for the effective protection of intellectual and innovation rights in Uzbekistan. In the context of the country’s transition to an innovation-oriented economic model, intellectual property (IP) protection is positioned as a strategic pillar for ensuring competitiveness, stimulating entrepreneurial creativity, and fostering sustainable economic growth. Drawing on recent legislative reforms, including the Intellectual Property Development Strategy for 2022–2026, the paper underscores the need for greater awareness, institutional capacity, and regulatory mechanisms that support patenting practices. Empirical observations and international examples are used to demonstrate the benefits of securing exclusive rights, mitigating unfair competition, and reducing the risks of inadvertent IP infringement. The study concludes by offering policy recommendations aimed at building a robust innovation ecosystem—through legal, educational, and financial support instruments—to enable Uzbekistan’s full integration into global intellectual property norms, particularly in anticipation of World Trade Organization accession.

Analysis of The Development of Postal Services in the Khorezm Region Using The Example of the Khorezm Branch of “Uzbeksitan Post” JSC

Palvanbayev Umidbek Uktam ugli — Thu, 15 May 2025 22:29:03 +0000

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the development of postal services in the Khorezm region through the operational performance of the Khorezm branch of “Uzbekiston Pochtasi” JSC. The study evaluates the achievements, statistical indicators, and operational challenges faced by the branch in providing essential postal services to both urban and rural populations. It highlights the transformation in service types and infrastructure, including expanded delivery coverage, digitization efforts, and integration with international postal systems. Using a mixed-method approach involving econometric analysis, expert interviews, and empirical data, the article identifies gaps in customer satisfaction and logistics efficiency. Findings reveal that while service volume has increased significantly over the years, disparities remain in remote delivery timelines and regional infrastructure support. Based on this assessment, several strategic recommendations are proposed for improving service quality, operational transparency, and technological modernization of postal networks. This research underscores the broader socio-economic contributions of postal services in regional development, employment, and digital access.

Salt Washing and its Importance in The Production of Agricultural Products

Mirjamilova Khulkar — Fri, 16 May 2025 14:49:46 +0000

At the moment when new and intensive techniques and technologies are widely introduced in agriculture, the issues of effective use of soil and achieving high productivity are becoming urgent tasks. It is of great importance to improve the land reclamation and ecological condition, increase the efficiency of the use of land and water resources by applying agrotechnical, agro-meliorative and other measures on irrigated lands.

The Importance of The Digital Economy in Shaping The Educational Environment

Begaliyeva Madina Abdusamatovna — Sat, 17 May 2025 04:23:13 +0000

This article analyzes the processes of forming an educational environment in the digital economy and reveals its importance in improving the quality of education. Digital technologies and innovative approaches are considered as an important factor in the effective organization of the educational process in educational institutions, the introduction of personalized learning, and the training of qualified specialists. Recommendations based on methodology, analysis, and results are put forward to achieve scientific goals.

Development Trends and Efficiency Factors of Entrepreneurial Activity in The Tourism Sector of Uzbekistan

Mardonova Dilafruz Kosimovna — Sat, 17 May 2025 16:41:18 +0000

Entrepreneurship in the tourism sector is a key driver of economic diversification and employment in Uzbekistan. As the country positions itself as a growing tourism destination, analyzing the development and efficiency of private sector participation becomes increasingly significant. While tourism’s contribution to Uzbekistan’s economy is recognized, there is limited empirical research that evaluates the regional disparities, investment dynamics, and socio-economic outcomes of entrepreneurial activity within this sector. Existing studies often lack integrated approaches combining spatial, statistical, and policy perspectives. This research applies SWOT analysis, comparative evaluation, and statistical analysis to assess the pace and impact of entrepreneurial development in Uzbekistan’s tourism sector. Key indicators include the number of active tourism entities, investment volumes, private sector participation, and job creation. The study reveals significant growth in tourism entrepreneurship, driven by increased private sector engagement and investment activity. However, regional imbalances persist certain areas show high levels of entrepreneurship, while others lag behind due to infrastructural and institutional limitations. Factors such as limited access to finance, bureaucratic obstacles, and skills shortages were identified as key barriers. The article emphasizes the need for targeted regional policies to reduce territorial inequality and stimulate balanced tourism growth. Policy recommendations include improving access to credit, enhancing human capital, and creating favorable investment conditions. Strengthening tourism entrepreneurship can significantly contribute to Uzbekistan’s socio-economic development and help achieve long-term sustainability in the tourism industry.

Implementation of State Programs for the Development of the Tourism Industry in Uzbekistan

Tatyana Valeryevna Kim, Iparkhon Yusupova Farhod qizi — Sun, 18 May 2025 06:20:22 +0000

This study explores the practises of implementing the state programmes addressing the development of Uzbekistan’s tourism sector as a strategic part of the economic development of the country. Notwithstanding significant reformation in the forms of: infrastructure modernization; visa-free regime and formation of a tourism cluster—a major knowledge vacuum exists in terms of assessing the actual status versus the expected levels. Through qualitative analysis of government policies, quantitative data and case study of reforms, the paper examines the effectiveness of these reforms. Findings indicate advancement in institutional support; tourist inflow; and incentive for entrepreneurships; however, the position identifies the lack of progress in realising vital objectives especially because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The development of tourism clusters, such as “Bukhara Desert Oasis & Spa”, is an example of successful joined development, which will increase the level of local employment and investment. Results emphasise the necessity for continued policy flexibility and increased intersectoral cooperation. According to the study, although the tourism strategy has established a solid ground in Uzbekistan, there is critical need to fill in the gap between policy design and the realisation of outcome for achieving a long-term regional competitiveness and diversification of the economy.

The Role of Digital, Financial, and Institutional Innovation in Modernising Tourism Services in Samarkand

Shokirov Firdavs — Sun, 18 May 2025 22:27:55 +0000

This study examines the influence of innovative strategies on the quality and efficiency of service provided by tourism enterprises in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Digital technology adoption, smart infrastructure, human capital, access to financial innovation, and institutional support are all assessed in this study using multivariate regression analysis on firm-level data from 2022 to 2024, hence influencing a composite Service Performance Index. Every variable shows positive and statistically significant relationships, illustrating that in transition economies, innovation is vital in enhancing tourism service results. The findings offer important new ideas for strategic investment in tourist innovation systems and policy change.

Methods of Evaluating The Quality of Services in The Field of Tourism

Kamolova Mokhinur Iskandarovna — Tue, 20 May 2025 01:13:51 +0000

The quality of tourist services plays a crucial role in shaping customer satisfaction and the overall competitiveness of tourism enterprises. As global tourism continues to expand, ensuring consistent and measurable service quality has become a priority for stakeholders across the industry. Despite widespread acknowledgment of service quality’s importance, there remains a lack of standardized criteria and comprehensive models that integrate both customer-centric and enterprise-level perspectives in assessing tourism services. Many studies emphasize either customer satisfaction or operational efficiency, often neglecting the interplay between qualitative and quantitative indicators. This study employs a comparative analysis of existing methodologies used to evaluate service quality in tourism, incorporating both quantitative tools (e.g., SERVQUAL, performance metrics) and qualitative techniques (e.g., interviews, satisfaction surveys). The research focuses on identifying relevant indicators, structural elements, and stages of service quality assessment. The analysis reveals that an effective evaluation framework must balance objective service performance measures with subjective customer experience insights. Key indicators include responsiveness, reliability, tangibles, empathy, and assurance. Moreover, the study identifies essential stages in the assessment process: criteria selection, data collection, customer feedback analysis, and implementation of service improvements. Tourism enterprises must adopt a multidimensional approach to quality assessment, integrating both internal performance standards and external customer evaluations. This ensures enhanced service delivery, greater customer loyalty, and sustained competitiveness. The findings provide a basis for developing standardized quality evaluation models tailored to the needs of modern tourism businesses.

Development of Services in Modern Urban Areas

Ismailov Najmiddin Ilxamovich — Wed, 21 May 2025 17:08:06 +0000

The rapid evolution of urban service systems in the 21st century reflects broader transformations in infrastructure, governance, and technology. While smart cities promise enhanced efficiency and sustainability, significant disparities persist in how services are distributed and governed across global urban landscapes. Existing literature often emphasizes technological advancement but insufficiently addresses the political and spatial dynamics shaping service provision. This study addresses this knowledge gap by employing a qualitative, inquiry-based methodology informed by discourse analysis, documentary review, and secondary case illustrations from cities such as Amsterdam, Singapore, and London. Using interpretivist and urban political ecology frameworks, the research explores how discourses of smart urbanism and infrastructural splintering influence the development and accessibility of public services. The findings reveal that modern urban services are increasingly structured around premium networked spaces, privileging corporate and elite users while peripheral communities remain underserved. Participatory and adaptive models, such as Amsterdam’s incremental co-creation practices, demonstrate more inclusive pathways for urban innovation. However, a lack of comprehensive evaluation frameworks and the persistence of legacy infrastructure limit systemic transformation. The study concludes that equitable and sustainable service delivery requires a paradigm shift—one that aligns technological deployment with social justice, environmental stewardship, and democratic governance. These findings have implications for urban planners, policymakers, and civic institutions aiming to redesign urban services in the digital age. Future research should further investigate the long-term impacts of smart service models and develop robust tools for evaluating equity and resilience in urban service systems.

A Review of TM Positioning Marketing Strategy as The Market Leader of Telecommunication Industry in Malaysia

Laith Ali Zgair Gharan, Oday Lateef Mahmood, Baraa Shaalan Amir — Thu, 22 May 2025 16:21:00 +0000

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the marketing positioning strategy of Telekom Malaysia (TM), the longest-established and most dominant telecommunications company in Malaysia. Since its inception in 1946, TM has evolved into the market leader in fixed-line and broadband services, positioning itself as a pioneer in technological innovation and customer-centric service delivery. The study aims to explore how TM sustains its leadership status amid increasing market liberalization and growing competition from mobile and fiber broadband providers. Drawing on extensive literature and corporate data, the research adopts a quantitative methodology to analyze TM’s strategic positioning efforts. The findings reveal that TM leverages its extensive infrastructure, government-linked status, and brand legacy to maintain a near-monopoly, especially in last-mile connectivity. However, the rise of competitors such as Maxis and DIGI poses a strategic challenge. The study concludes that TM must innovate continuously, invest in customer experience, and modernize its infrastructure to preserve its competitive edge in the rapidly evolving telecommunications sector. Recommendations for enhancing TM’s strategic agility and service differentiation are provided to support long-term sustainability in a competitive regional market.

The Importance of Special Public Events in Increasing the Attractiveness of Tourist Destinations in Uzbekistan

Ibragimov Sardorbek Khusanovich — Fri, 23 May 2025 23:01:28 +0000

This study explores the interplay between carbon economics and the environmental implications of abolishing individually-owned local crude oil refineries in Emohua Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Against the backdrop of Nigeria's carbon-intensive economy and the proliferation of unregulated oil refining activities, this research identifies a critical knowledge gap in understanding localized carbon dynamics and their broader ecological and economic consequences. Utilizing a correlational research design, a stratified sample of 120 male adults from four communities was surveyed using a validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation to assess relationships among the emergence of local refineries, environmental health, and carbon economic variables. The findings reveal a statistically significant, moderate positive correlation between the rise of local refineries and environmental degradation, as well as between carbon economics and both environmental health and the proposed abolition of these refineries. The results underscore the ecological cost of carbon-driven industrial practices and support the urgent need for targeted policy reforms. The study implies that while locally-owned refineries contribute to economic sustenance in oil-producing regions, they simultaneously exacerbate carbon emissions and environmental harm. Therefore, policies aimed at refinery abolition must also address the socioeconomic roots of illegal refining activities, such as unemployment and weak regulatory institutions. This research contributes to the discourse on sustainable environmental management by highlighting the role of localized carbon economies and informing carbon mitigation strategies within the context of Nigeria’s energy landscape.

The Concept of Financial Sustainability and Its Role In Road Construction Organizations

Rakhimov Dilshodjon Turdiali o‘g‘li — Sun, 25 May 2025 07:46:00 +0000

For road construction companies, financial sustainability has become a critical factor in determining operational success and long-term survival, particularly in infrastructure-dependent and economically unstable countries like the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This study investigates the idea of financial sustainability by looking at how it affects project continuity, investment capacity, and organizational resilience in the road construction industry. The research emphasizes systemic financial barriers that impede the development of sustainable infrastructure, and it is based on the diagnostic findings of the World Bank's Financial Access and Stability report. These include inadequate institutional frameworks, a dearth of diverse financial markets, and restricted access to financing. This study uses a qualitative thematic analysis of regional financial reports to identify important legislative and structural elements that impact construction companies' capacity to get finance. The research makes specific recommendations for improving financial sustainability, including bolstering capital market expansion, improving credit infrastructure, and promoting the integration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) norms into financial planning frameworks. In order to guarantee sustainable road infrastructure finance in the MENA area, the paper's conclusion emphasizes the need of comprehensive reforms that integrate organizational practices, financial system development, and government policy.

The Importance of Digital Technologies in Improving The Efficiency of Public Funds Management in The Treasury System

Muhammad Bahodir Habibullo o‘g‘li — Sun, 25 May 2025 08:11:50 +0000

The efficient management of public funds is a core pillar of modern public administration. As digital technologies advance, their integration into treasury systems has become essential for enhancing financial transparency, accountability, and operational efficiency. Countries like South Korea, Singapore, the USA, and France have pioneered digital treasury systems utilizing AI, blockchain, big data analytics, and integrated platforms. These systems have proven to reduce costs, prevent fraud, and streamline financial operations. Despite global advancements, Uzbekistan’s treasury system faces challenges such as underdeveloped infrastructure, limited expert capacity, and insufficient legal regulation for implementing digital tools. This underscores the need to explore international practices and evaluate local applicability. This study aims to analyze global experiences in digitalizing treasury systems and assess their adaptability in Uzbekistan’s context to improve the management of public financial resources. The research highlights significant improvements in transparency, cost-efficiency, and decision-making in countries with mature digital treasury infrastructures. A SWOT analysis reveals Uzbekistan’s strengths (political will, legal reforms), weaknesses (infrastructure, expertise), opportunities (global collaboration, lower tech costs), and threats (cybersecurity, brain drain). Based on this, a roadmap for digital transformation in Uzbekistan’s treasury was proposed. The study offers a structured comparison of international digital treasury systems and provides tailored recommendations for Uzbekistan, integrating global practices with local institutional realities. These findings support policy reforms and investment strategies aimed at digitizing public finance in Uzbekistan and contribute to scholarly discussions on digital governance and financial management systems.

Service Quality and Customer Patronage of United Bank for Africa (Uba) Plc, Aka Road, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Udoka I. Francis, Okokon B. Attih, Imoh C. Uford — Sun, 25 May 2025 11:36:30 +0000

The study looked at customer dissatisfaction, service delivery delays, and declining customer patronage at United Bank for Africa (UBA) Plc, Aka Road, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, as a result of service quality gaps. This study examined the relationship between excellent customer service and customer loyalty. This analysis is based on relationship marketing theory and the SERVQUAL model. Data was gathered using a descriptive survey research approach with a convenience sample size of 398 respondents. To gather the primary data, the respondents were given a standardized questionnaire to fill out. To evaluate the hypotheses, the study's data were analyzed using tables, percentages, frequencies, and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation. Service accessibility (correlation(r) = 0.877), service empathy (correlation(r) = 0.746), service consistency (correlation(r) = 0.652), and service personalization (correlation(r) = 0.768) were all significantly positively connected with customer patronage of UBA Plc., Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, according to the results. It was recommended, among other things, that United Bank for Africa (UBA) invest in improving its mobile and internet banking systems in light of these findings so that customers can easily access financial services from anywhere. The importance of service quality in growing the banking industry's clientele is emphasized in the report's conclusion.

Institutional Conditions for Increasing The Competitiveness of Service Enterprises

Mirzaaxmedov Durbek — Sun, 25 May 2025 19:03:47 +0000

In the context of the radical modernization of Uzbekistan’s economy, enhancing the competitiveness of service enterprises has become a strategic objective. Despite the growing significance of the service sector, its development is constrained by outdated institutional frameworks and the lack of coordinated efforts between key stakeholders. Current literature provides fragmented analyses of institutional factors, often neglecting the dual role they play in enabling and hindering enterprise competitiveness. This study aims to identify and evaluate institutional conditions legal, financial, technological, and infrastructural that influence the competitiveness of service enterprises, with particular attention to public-private partnerships. The findings reveal that a combination of enabling legal regulations, financial accessibility, skilled labor availability, digital infrastructure, and intersectoral collaboration significantly contribute to enterprise competitiveness. Conversely, institutional barriers such as bureaucracy, corruption, and institutional inertia obstruct progress. A comprehensive classification of institutional factors was developed to distinguish between encouraging and obstructive elements. This paper uniquely integrates institutional theory with service enterprise development, proposing a systematic framework for institutional factor analysis. Policymakers and stakeholders should harmonize institutional reforms with the practical needs of service enterprises by streamlining legislation, supporting vocational education, fostering innovation, and promoting PPPs. These efforts are critical for achieving a sustainable and competitive service sector.

Improvement of The Management System of Small Industrial Zones in The Khorezm Region of The Republic of Uzbekistan

Zafar Kadirovich Akhmedov — Sun, 25 May 2025 19:25:42 +0000

This article focuses on improving the management system of small industrial zones in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. The study aims to identify the main challenges hindering the effective operation of these zones and propose practical solutions to enhance their performance. The research is based on an analysis of statistical data, expert interviews, and a review of international best practices in industrial zone management. The results reveal key issues such as insufficient infrastructure, bureaucratic barriers, and low investment attractiveness. To address these problems, the article suggests measures including the development of modern infrastructure, simplification of administrative procedures, and the introduction of digital technologies for better management. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of creating a unified coordination center to streamline operations and attract foreign investments. The proposed solutions are expected to increase the economic contribution of small industrial zones, create new job opportunities, and boost regional development. The findings of this research can serve as a basis for policymakers and stakeholders to implement effective strategies for the sustainable growth of industrial zones in Khorezm and other regions of Uzbekistan.

The Role of Promotion Strategy In Building The Mental Image of The Organization (An Analytical Study of The Opinions of A Sample of Dairy Product Consumers In The Holy City of Karbala)

Sun, 25 May 2025 22:09:38 +0000

In an increasingly competitive global marketplace, promotional strategies have become essential tools for organizations to influence consumer perceptions and sustain market presence. Promotion is not merely about advertising it shapes how consumers mentally image a brand or organization. Dairy product organizations, particularly in regions like Karbala, Iraq, must use tailored promotion strategies to compete effectively and build a positive organizational image. However, the interaction between promotional tools (e.g., price discounts, free samples, in-store displays) and the consumer's mental image has been understudied in localized contexts. Few empirical studies explore the direct statistical relationship between promotion strategies and the mental image of an organization, especially among food product consumers in developing markets. This study aims to examine the correlation and causal impact between promotional strategies and the mental image of dairy-producing organizations, using a sample of 21 consumers in Karbala. The dimensions of both constructs were operationalized and analyzed through SPSS-based statistical tests. The findings confirm a statistically significant and strong positive correlation (r = 0.897, p < 0.05) between promotion strategy and the mental image of the organization. The regression analysis revealed that promotion strategy explains 80.5% of the variance in the organizational image, highlighting the dominance of in-store display and free sample strategies. The research uniquely integrates promotional mix dimensions with multi-faceted mental image constructs (cognitive, emotional, behavioral, social), offering a model for local market assessment. The study provides actionable recommendations for enhancing promotional strategy, emphasizing informed and ethical communication practices that strengthen organizational perception among consumers.

A Systematic Literature Review Analysing Digital Marketing Strategies in Tourism Development

Bunyod Matyusupov — Tue, 27 May 2025 16:04:13 +0000

This study aims to conduct a systematic literature analysis on tourism and hospitality, focusing on utilising digital marketing strategies to promote and develop tourism destinations. Scopus database (2016-2024) was used to search for articles and the analysis was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. 32 publications (articles, review articles and book chapters) were selected for the final analysis based on the relevant criteria. The results showed that due to the increased attention to digital marketing strategies in tourism in recent years, the number of publications related to this field has an increasing trend. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing was found to be the most influential journal in the field with 134 citations. This study provides valuable insights related to this field for future research. In particular, the use of email marketing, social media marketing, search engine optimization and influencer marketing is gaining importance. In addition, it is emphasized that the effective use of video content, storytelling and personalization plays an important role in the development of the field.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Tourist Services in Uzbekistan

Javohirbek Javohirbek Jo‘raqul o‘g‘li — Thu, 29 May 2025 11:46:46 +0000

Tourism is a vital driver of economic development, job creation, and cultural exchange globally, and Uzbekistan is no exception, particularly in the post-COVID recovery phase. With its rich cultural heritage and state-backed initiatives like the "Uzbekistan – 2030" Strategy, Uzbekistan has experienced a revival in tourist inflows, reaching 5.2 million visitors in 2023. However, disparities in infrastructure and service quality persist across regions. Despite state efforts, there remains insufficient empirical analysis on the combined impact of infrastructural, economic, and technological factors on the tourism services sector in Uzbekistan. This study aims to quantify and assess the effects of key variables tourist numbers, transportation quality, service costs, and digitalization on the volume of tourism services. Econometric modeling using 2019–2023 data reveals that tourist volume (r = +0.85), transport infrastructure (r = +0.79), and digitalization (r = +0.70) positively influence the sector, while service costs (r = –0.63) have a detrimental effect. The model explains 81% of service volume variation (R² = 0.81). The research uniquely integrates regional analysis and highlights post-COVID trends, identifying territorial disparities and proposing actionable recommendations including service certification, IT integration, and regional brand development. Implications: The findings offer critical guidance for policymakers in crafting equitable and sustainable tourism development strategies aligned with national objectives, enhancing Uzbekistan's competitiveness in the global tourism arena.

Strategies for Managing Client Relationships In Small Businesses

Rasulov Xamidjon Yakubovich — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 18:17:00 +0000

This study investigates the development of customer relationship management (CRM) strategies tailored for small businesses, focusing on fostering long-term customer loyalty and enhancing service quality. While the retention of existing clients and the attraction of new ones are crucial for small enterprises, achieving this requires well-designed, multifaceted strategies. Through comparative analysis and literature review, the research identifies four core dimensions essential to CRM success in small firms: (1) building customer trust through product quality, service, and pricing; (2) implementing material incentives such as promotions, discounts, loyalty programs, and cashback systems; (3) using non-material incentives, including emotional engagement, social responsibility, and gamification; and (4) optimizing communication via both mass media and direct channels, incorporating omnichannel approaches. The study highlights the importance of aligning company objectives with client expectations to sustain competitive advantage and customer satisfaction. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the role of CRM software in automating customer interactions, improving decision-making, and delivering personalized service. By structuring these strategies into an actionable framework, small businesses can strengthen customer relationships, improve retention rates, and increase profitability, even in highly competitive markets. The findings provide practical implications for entrepreneurs, managers, and policymakers aiming to enhance small business performance through strategic customer relationship management.

Factors for Improving Service Quality Through Digital Technologies in Enterprises

Shavkat Shukhratovich Turayev, Nosir Rakhimovich Abdiyev — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 01:12:31 +0000

In the era of rapid digital transformation, enterprises increasingly leverage digital technologies to enhance service quality and strengthen customer relationships. This study investigates the key factors influencing service improvement through the implementation of technologies such as artificial intelligence, data analytics, chatbots, mobile applications, and customer relationship management (CRM) systems. By analyzing how these tools optimize service processes, personalize customer experiences, and automate routine tasks, the research highlights their critical role in improving operational efficiency, boosting customer satisfaction, and securing competitive advantage. The findings emphasize that enterprises must invest in digital infrastructure, enhance employee digital literacy, and develop strategic frameworks tailored to digital service delivery. Moreover, utilizing big data insights enables enterprises to offer customized services and foster long-term client loyalty. The study offers practical recommendations for businesses seeking to accelerate their digital transformation and achieve sustained service excellence in today’s dynamic market environment.

Influence of The Artistic Life of Samarkand In The 1920s On The Development of Easel Painting In Uzbekistan

Zhuraev Xamza Xamrakulovich, Kadirov JamshidKhan lmukhamad ugli — Tue, 03 Jun 2025 02:05:35 +0000

The early 20th century marked a transformative period in the history of visual arts across Central Asia, particularly in Uzbekistan, where the city of Samarkand emerged as a key artistic hub. During the 1920s–1930s, Samarkand became a vibrant intersection of Eastern artistic heritage and Western painterly techniques, significantly influenced by political reforms and cultural modernization. Despite the rich documentation of artistic evolution in Soviet territories, a comprehensive theoretical framework contextualizing Samarkand’s unique artistic development during this era remains underdeveloped. This study aims to explore the impact of Samarkand’s artistic life in the 1920s on the formation of easel painting in Uzbekistan, focusing on the contributions of both local and Russian-trained artists. The findings reveal the coexistence and tension between national traditions and socialist realism, embodied in the works of A. Volkov, P. Benkov, O. Tatevosyan, and Usto Mumin. The city hosted artists who adapted decorative folk styles, miniature aesthetics, and plein-air impressionism to create a culturally hybrid visual language. The research highlights the individual stylistic trajectories of Samarkand artists, uncovers the absence of rigid creative collectives, and documents the city’s appeal to Russian artists, whose visits catalyzed intercultural exchanges. Understanding the artistic life of Samarkand in this transitional period deepens our comprehension of regional cultural identity formation, the negotiation of tradition and ideology, and the broader Soviet artistic experience within a multinational context.

Main Directions and Development Prospects of Risk Management in Manufacturing Enterprises

Mukhitdinov Shuhrat Ziyavitdinovich — Sat, 07 Jun 2025 12:13:06 +0000

In the context of increasing global competition and external environmental uncertainty, effective risk management in manufacturing enterprises has become strategically important. This article explores contemporary approaches to managing industrial risks, classifies the main types of risks typical for real-sector enterprises, and examines methodological foundations for their identification, analysis, and mitigation. Special attention is given to the integration of strategic planning and risk assessment systems as tools for enhancing the resilience and operational efficiency of enterprises. The author substantiates the need to incorporate risk management into the overall corporate governance system to ensure sustainable development and strengthen the competitiveness of industrial organizations.

Methodology for Analyzing The Provision of Material Resources

Abdujaborova Маmura Тoshmuxamadovna — Sat, 07 Jun 2025 14:19:07 +0000

This article discusses the analysis of material resource provision and its main directions. It also presents various approaches to analyzing the provision of material resources as described in scientific sources. As a result of the research, the author’s methodology for analyzing the provision of material resources is proposed, along with ways to use it effectively and reduce resource consumption. The analysis of material resource provision highlights the aspects that should be given due attention. Additionally, factor analysis was used to calculate the impact of the volume of material resources and their return rate on the volume of production.

Enhancing The Recording and Analysis of Credit and Debt Instruments of Companies

Mahmudova Guzal Samadjon kizi — Sat, 07 Jun 2025 14:55:35 +0000

This article addresses the necessity of refining both the accounting practices and analytical methodologies associated with credit and debt funds within business entities. In modern corporate finance, accurate representation and insightful analysis of borrowed capital are essential to evaluate financial performance, ensure compliance, and guide strategic decisions. This paper explores current challenges in accounting for credit and debt, examines the integration of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), and proposes a comprehensive analytical framework combining financial ratios, cash flow assessments, and qualitative evaluations. Case illustrations and practical recommendations are provided to support more transparent and effective financial management.

Participation of Commercial Banks In Financing Foreign Trade Operations: Trends and Prospects

Ishandjanov Sardor Tulashbekovich — Sat, 07 Jun 2025 16:48:36 +0000

This study investigates the trends and prospects of the participation of commercial banks in financing foreign trade operations. The overall corporate loan portfolio expanded nearly 5.7 times during the period, driven by structural reforms, government support programs, and improved credit conditions. Forecasts using the SARIMA and Holt-Winters models provide different perspectives: SARIMA anticipates a moderate and risk-sensitive growth path, while Holt-Winters projects a more optimistic scenario with rapid expansion, particularly from 2026 onwards. Both models suggest continued lending growth, but emphasize the importance of strategic planning. SARIMA highlights the need for risk mitigation amid economic uncertainties, whereas Holt-Winters supports a long-term view grounded in technological advancement, digitalization, and sustained policy support. The insights from both models will be crucial for policymakers and financial institutions to design balanced, forward-looking credit strategies that support sustainable economic development.

Specific Features of Women's Entrepreneurship

Raximova Moxigul Isroiljanovna — Sat, 07 Jun 2025 19:29:05 +0000

This article explores the unique features of women’s entrepreneurship and its socio-economic significance within the broader context of gender equality and inclusive development. Women's entrepreneurship extends beyond economic activity; it serves as a vital mechanism for enhancing family well-being, promoting gender equality, and stimulating local economies. The study examines distinctive characteristics such as women’s leadership styles, attitudes toward risk, innovation adoption, and access to financial and institutional resources. A comparative analysis of national and international practices, including case studies from Turkey, India, and Poland, is presented to highlight effective support mechanisms. Drawing on qualitative and quantitative methods—including content analysis, surveys, and expert interviews—the research identifies key barriers facing women entrepreneurs, such as limited access to finance, inadequate business skills, and cultural constraints. The article concludes with strategic recommendations to strengthen women's entrepreneurial activity through policy reform, financial inclusion, business education, and digital integration. The findings contribute to the global discourse on women's economic empowerment and provide practical insights for policymakers and development practitioners.

Interstate Legal and Economic Relations In Attracting Foreign Investments: Effectiveness of Mutual Cooperation and Agreements

Khodjaev Jamshid Abdukhakimovich — Thu, 12 Jun 2025 06:29:58 +0000

: This article provides an in-depth analysis of the role of interstate legal and economic relations in the process of attracting foreign investment, forms of mutual cooperation and the impact of international agreements on the investment climate. The strength of the legal framework, the predictability of economic policy and the existence of bilateral and multilateral agreements between states are considered important factors in the stable and consistent attraction of foreign investment flows. In particular, the impact of such instruments as international investment treaties, memorandums on trade and economic cooperation, free trade zones and bilateral investment agreements on investment attractiveness is illustrated using examples. The article also analyzes the political and economic strategies of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of foreign investment, their coordination with international cooperation mechanisms, as well as the system of legal guarantees and privileges created for foreign investors. Also, the place occupied by Uzbekistan in international investment ratings in recent years, cooperation with international organizations and the effectiveness of the most important legal reforms are studied on the basis of scientific-theoretical and empirical approaches. The main conclusion of the article is that an effective legal regulatory framework and stable interstate cooperation relations are important strategic tools for attracting foreign investment. Therefore, legal agreements, economic memorandums of understanding and mechanisms ensuring political stability between countries that improve the investment climate are considered not only a factor of economic growth, but also a factor of strengthening the geoeconomic position.

Improving The Efficiency of Investment Activities of Insurance Companies As A Guarantee of Their Financial Stability

Babaeva N.M — Sun, 15 Jun 2025 11:14:51 +0000

Insurance companies play a vital role in global economic development by mobilizing financial resources and investing in various sectors. Their financial stability significantly impacts the broader investment environment. In Uzbekistan, enhancing the efficiency of insurance companies’ investment activities has become crucial to strengthening their contribution to national economic growth and financial resilience. Despite strategic intentions, there is limited methodological guidance and systemic regulatory support for optimizing investment activities and ensuring financial stability in the insurance sector. This study aims to improve the methodology for assessing the efficiency of insurance companies' investment activities and propose scientifically grounded and practical recommendations to enhance their financial stability. The research reveals that Uzbekistan's insurance companies increasingly rely on bank deposits and securities, with a notable diversification of investment directions. However, imbalances in insurance portfolios and underutilized financial reserves persist. The volume of investments in real estate and loans grew significantly in recent years, while reliance on authorized capital investments declined. The paper integrates theoretical insights, actuarial calculations, and empirical data to build a classification of internal and external factors influencing investment potential. It also introduces a framework for the effective monitoring and risk assessment of insurance companies. The findings underscore the need for regulatory reform, development of national investment strategies, and the introduction of international rating standards to elevate the financial sustainability of insurers. Strengthening investment infrastructure and promoting transparent governance will ultimately ensure a stable insurance sector capable of driving economic modernization in Uzbekistan.

Challenges to Agritourism Development in Uzbekistan

Aktamov Olimjon Abdugani ugli — Sun, 15 Jun 2025 11:20:06 +0000

This research examines the evolution of agritourism in Uzbekistan by evaluating the preferences, expectations, and satisfaction levels of tourists based on data gathered from 103 respondents. The study used a multilayer perceptron neural network and a polynomial logistic regression model to identify the primary factors affecting visitors' propensity to visit agritourism sites and their satisfaction with price and services. The findings indicate that specific attributes—such as the presence of dairy and vegetable production, picturesque mountainous or riverside settings, internet connectivity, recreational facilities, and skilled service personnel—substantially increase both the likelihood of tourist participation and their readiness to pay elevated service fees. The research highlights agritourism's capacity to promote socio-economic advancement in rural regions and provides specific policy suggestions for the sector's sustainable development. The study establishes a basis for strategic agritourism planning in Uzbekistan by combining scientific methodologies with empirical tourism data.

The Role of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) in Determining the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) (Analytical research)

Haider Abbas Abdullah Aljanabi — Sun, 15 Jun 2025 13:34:36 +0000

Many researchers and learners could not differentiate between the capital asset pricing model and the weighted average cost of capital. This prompted the researcher to shed light on and explain the role played by the capital asset pricing model in constructing and calculating the cost of capital according to the weighted average. The research also discussed that the pricing model extracts a percentage and not a real value, which surprises most followers because the model is called a pricing model and not a pricing ratio. But the truth is that the pricing model extracts the required return ratio, which is included in pricing the common stock according to the Jordan model. When pricing, the transaction costs for trading the stock will be calculated, and these costs are included in calculating the cost of capital. Accordingly, the capital asset pricing model is included in calculating the weighted average cost of capital. The research also reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which is to work on analyzing the financial models in all their details to help other researchers understand and know the method and mechanism by which these models work.

Methods for Assessing Performance in the Hotel Business

Rustamov Otabek Akbarovich — Mon, 16 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Evaluating performance in the hotel sector is a multifaceted process crucial for maintaining competitiveness and achieving sustainable growth. This study explores various methodological frameworks used to assess hotel performance, emphasizing the integration of key performance indicators (KPIs) such as occupancy rate, average daily rate (ADR), revenue per available room (RevPAR), and customer satisfaction metrics. The paper employs a mixed- methods approach that combines quantitative analysis of industry benchmarks with qualitative sentiment evaluations from customer feedback platforms. Moreover, operational efficiency indicators and the implementation of emerging technologies are considered in performance appraisals. By analyzing trends over time, cross-comparing market segments, and examining customer review patterns, this research provides an in-depth understanding of both traditional and innovative performance measurement tools. The study also investigates the influence of sustainability practices and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on guest loyalty and brand image. Findings show that hotels leveraging dynamic pricing models, digital guest engagement platforms, and eco-friendly initiatives tend to outperform competitors in revenue growth and reputation management. Recommendations include optimizing revenue management systems, investing in predictive analytics and AI, enhancing staff training, and adopting sustainable operating procedures. This study contributes to hospitality management literature by offering practical insights for hotel executives, policymakers, and scholars focused on strategic performance evaluation in a rapidly evolving hospitality environment.

Ensuring the Stability of Commercial Banks in the Conditions of Transforming the Banking System

Iskandar Yuldashev — Mon, 16 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The main goal of transforming the country's banking system is to create the necessary conditions to ensure the stability of the activities of commercial banks. In particular, the development of the infrastructure necessary for the activities of commercial banks, the implementation of a balanced macroeconomic policy, and the reduction of state participation in the banking system are important conditions. The article develops scientific proposals aimed at ensuring the stability of the activities of commercial banks in the context of the transformation of the banking system of Uzbekistan.

Efficient Public Finance for Economic Stability in Uzbekistan

Sarvar Tolibjonovich Makhmudov — Wed, 18 Jun 2025 05:40:43 +0000

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the financial policy reforms and the effective utilization of public financial resources in the Republic of Uzbekistan over the period 2016–2024. The study explores key transformations in the quality of public budget management, the evolution of tax policy, and the creation of a more favorable investment environment. It emphasizes the strategic measures taken to ensure sustainable national economic growth through the prudent and targeted use of both internal and external financial sources. Special attention is given to assessing the impact and efficiency of these fiscal policy reforms on the broader economy, as well as drawing comparative insights from international experiences. The article identifies key challenges and proposes practical solutions to address systemic inefficiencies. It also puts forward concrete recommendations aimed at strengthening macroeconomic stability and improving the state financial management system. By providing a broad and analytical perspective, this work highlights both the achievements of Uzbekistan's financial policy and the critical issues that require further resolution. The analysis underscores the importance of adaptive fiscal strategies in the context of global economic trends and national development goals.

Methodological Aspects of Organizing and Planning The Audit of Export-Import Operations

Khujamuradova Surayyo Ibragimovna — Wed, 18 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the methodological aspects of organizing and planning the audit of export-import operations. In particular, the procedure for conducting an audit of export-import operations was studied, and conclusions and proposals for improving these activities were formulated. The study draws attention to the growing importance of foreign trade in Uzbekistan’s economic development, in line with recent presidential decrees aiming to expand the country’s export potential and global trade integration. The analysis highlights the distinctive features of auditing foreign economic activity, including the use of documents that serve both accounting and currency control purposes. The methodology is grounded in the application of theoretical and practical tools such as document analysis, logical reasoning, and risk assessment. The proposed audit program consists of specific stages that ensure comprehensive verification of legal compliance, accuracy of financial records, and assessment of internal control systems related to export and import operations. Special emphasis is placed on documenting audit evidence and forming a reliable opinion on the legality of transactions. The article also recommends dividing the audit plan into two sections — one for export and another for import — due to differences in regulatory and accounting treatment. The practical implementation of this methodology is intended to improve audit quality, enhance transparency, and ensure compliance with international auditing standards in the context of Uzbekistan’s evolving trade and financial environment..

Improving Methodological Approaches to Assessing The Effectiveness of E-Commerce in The Service Sector

Makhmudov Lazizbek Ubaydullo ugli — Fri, 20 Jun 2025 23:50:42 +0000

This article explores the improvement of methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of e-commerce in the service sector, with a focus on optimizing business processes, enhancing competitiveness, and supporting strategic decision-making. It highlights the importance of evaluating e-commerce effectiveness to improve resource management, increase service quality, assess return on investment (ROI), enhance customer satisfaction, and mitigate risks. The study identifies key challenges in existing methodologies, including their narrow focus on financial and marketing metrics, insufficient consideration of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and limited integration of technological advancements such as artificial intelligence and blockchain. A comprehensive classification of assessment methods is proposed, including financial, marketing, operational, customer-oriented, big data analytics, technological, and integrated approaches. The article emphasizes the integration of the innovative development model and PESTEL analysis as a robust framework for assessing e-commerce effectiveness in Uzbekistan’s service sector. This combined approach accounts for technological, economic, political, social, environmental, and legal factors, enabling strategic planning, risk reduction, and enhanced competitiveness. The proposed methodology provides a systematic framework for evaluating e-commerce performance, fostering innovation, and aligning with global and local market demands.

Enhancing Financial Stability Analysis of Economic Entities in Uzbekistan

Fazilat Abdullaeva — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article critically examines the current state of financial stability analysis for economic entities in Uzbekistan, encompassing both corporate and household sectors. Drawing upon a comprehensive review of international best practices and an in-depth analysis of Uzbekistan's evolving financial landscape, the study identifies key strengths, persistent vulnerabilities, and significant analytical gaps. While Uzbekistan has demonstrated robust economic growth and implemented substantial financial sector reforms, the rapid expansion of credit, the dominance of state-owned banks, and limitations in data accessibility pose challenges to comprehensive financial stability assessment. The analysis highlights that rapid economic growth, while positive, can concurrently introduce complex financial stability risks if analytical and regulatory frameworks do not evolve commensurately. Furthermore, the interplay between micro-level vulnerabilities and macro-financial stability is emphasized, underscoring the need for an integrated approach.

State of Wholesale Trade Turnover and Problems in The Development of Wholesale Trade Enterprises in Uzbekistan

Kholmamatov Diyor Haqberdievich — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 11:50:02 +0000

Wholesale trade plays a pivotal role in the functioning of national economies, particularly in ensuring the continuous flow of goods and stabilizing regional markets. In Uzbekistan, with the ongoing push for innovation-led economic growth, wholesale trade is increasingly seen as a strategic sector contributing to the development of market infrastructure, regional connectivity, and supply chain efficiency. Despite governmental strategies such as “Uzbekistan-2030,” there remains a lack of empirical studies examining the operational challenges and performance dynamics of wholesale enterprises within this evolving context. This study aims to analyze the performance indicators of wholesale trade enterprises and identify bottlenecks in the areas of logistics, capital utilization, and inventory management. Based on data from “Sherzod Zoovet Malham” LLC and “Nurli Zamin” LLC (2020–2024), findings highlight an overall increase in wholesale turnover and asset investments, yet challenges persist in turnover ratio optimization and inventory management. paper introduces a comprehensive methodology that integrates both qualitative and quantitative indicators—including turnover ratios, working capital efficiency, and inventory turnover days—to evaluate wholesale trade performance. The study presents practical recommendations for enhancing distribution networks, reducing product spoilage, and strengthening the logistics infrastructure, with implications for broader trade policy reforms and industrial collaboration. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the operational realities of Uzbekistan’s wholesale trade sector and offers insights relevant to policymakers and enterprise managers aiming to enhance competitiveness and sustainability.

Forming The Principle of Social Accounting in The Accounting Policy of Microfinance Organizations

Iskandar Abduraxmonovich Gafurov — Sun, 22 Jun 2025 15:43:01 +0000

This article explores the necessity and practical approaches to implementing the “social accounting principle” in the accounting policy of microfinance institutions. Systematic methods for recording social indicators, such as the share of women, rural clients, and low-income borrowers, are developed. Based on the analysis of IMKON FINANS, Vodiy Taraqqiyot, and Biznes Finans, recommendations for integrating these indicators into accounting policies are proposed.

Ways to Increase The Efficiency of Tax Control and its Implementation in Uzbekistan

Kodirov Aqliddin Hakim o‘g‘li — Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article examines tax control measures organized by tax authorities and indicators of their effectiveness. In particular, the opinions of foreign and domestic economists regarding the concept of tax control, its organization and implementation were studied. The conducted research showed that the effective organization of tax control depends on the qualitative development of tax legislation, consistent improvement of the qualifications of employees of tax inspection bodies, as well as the development of tax culture in the country. It also specifies the types of tax control organized by the tax authority. Besides during the study, the experience of a number of foreign countries was discussed. In the final part of the study, based on the analysis and discussions, a number of proposals were developed for the effective organization of tax control activities in our country.

Innovative Directions for The Effective Use of Power in The Agricultural Sector of The Economy

Bekmirzаev Mirzoxid Аdаshаlievich — Thu, 26 Jun 2025 22:51:55 +0000

This article provides an extensive scientific-theoretical and practical analysis of innovative approaches aimed at effectively utilizing the existing potential within the agricultural sector of the economy. The research identifies opportunities for enhancing economic efficiency through the application of innovative technologies and modern production methods in agriculture. Furthermore, the study comprehensively reviews international and local experiences related to implementing agrotechnologies, optimizing cultivated areas, and improving the processes of product manufacturing and processing. Additionally, significant emphasis is placed on developing mechanisms for scientific research and innovative projects in the agricultural sector, aligning the quality and competitiveness of agricultural products with international quality standards, and introducing advanced logistics and marketing strategies. As a result of the research, clear and practical recommendations are formulated for comprehensively modernizing the agricultural sector and ensuring regional economic development. The study also explores opportunities to broaden the engagement of farm enterprises with innovations by refining government subsidies and other financial incentive mechanisms. Ultimately, the research substantiates, through practical examples, how efficiently harnessing existing potential can ensure agricultural sector sustainability and enhance its competitiveness in global markets.

Public Relations Practices in Tourism: The Effective Tools and Implements

Elnurjon Tuychiev Kosim o’g’li — Thu, 26 Jun 2025 22:54:00 +0000

In the tourism industry, public relations (PR) practices are vital not only for promoting services but also for building and maintaining trust-based relationships between organizations and consumers. In today's competitive environment, tourism organizations rely on effective PR strategies to establish and sustain their reputation. This study employs a qualitative literature review approach by analyzing scholarly articles focused on PR practices in tourism. The selected studies, published over the last decade, examine topics such as communication through social media, brand awareness, trust building, and crisis management strategies. The literature review indicates that public relations strategies such as social media engagement, influencer marketing, press releases, public events, and corporate communications significantly improve brand visibility and customer interaction. These tools enable organizations to build strong communication channels and shape a favorable brand image. Choosing and effectively implementing the right PR tools not only enhances service efficiency but also contributes to the long-term sustainability of tourism organizations. Especially, real-time interaction via social media boosts trust and engagement, establishing public relations as a strategic asset in modern tourism.

Turnover Tax Regime and Its Impact on The Activities of Small Business Entities

Abdullayev Dilmurod Aliyar o‘g‘li — Thu, 26 Jun 2025 22:58:04 +0000

In recent years, turnover tax has emerged as a pivotal fiscal instrument for supporting small business activities in developing economies such as Uzbekistan. Despite its simplification benefits, the turnover tax regime poses challenges in terms of revenue generation and fair tax distribution. This study aims to explore the role, evolution, and effectiveness of the turnover tax system in Uzbekistan’s small business sector. Using a mixed-method approach that includes comparative policy analysis, statistical trend evaluation, and a study of legislative frameworks, the research identifies the key benefits and structural limitations of the turnover tax regime. Results indicate that while turnover tax has simplified compliance and encouraged formalization, its declining share in state revenues raises concerns about long-term fiscal sustainability.

Organization of Accounting for Expenses and Income in Small Businesses

Isomuxamedov Akbarjon Boxodir o‘g‘li — Thu, 26 Jun 2025 23:00:40 +0000

Small businesses play a pivotal role in Uzbekistan’s economy by fostering employment, expanding entrepreneurial activities, and enhancing local income generation. As such, the financial sustainability of these enterprises heavily relies on transparent and accurate accounting practices. This paper examines the organization of accounting for expenses and income in small businesses, with a focus on the service sector in the Namangan region. Using comparative, economic-statistical, and document analysis methods, the study explores how proper classification of expenses, income recognition, and real-time reporting can improve decision-making and fiscal discipline. Findings reveal that over 2020–2024, the service sector in Namangan demonstrated substantial growth—total service volume increased almost fivefold—driven by expansion in accommodation, education, trade, and transport services. The application of national (BHMS) and international (IFRS for SMEs) standards remains inconsistent, underscoring the need for harmonization and capacity building. Regional disparities in service income and expense composition also reflect challenges in cost control and tax reporting. The study proposes modernizing accounting practices through automation, segmented reporting by service type, and enhanced audit controls. These measures can strengthen the investment climate, improve tax transparency, and support broader economic development objectives. Ultimately, this work contributes to a better understanding of how accounting reforms can boost the operational efficiency of small enterprises in emerging economies

Enhancing The Mechanisms for Assessing Management Performance Through The Integration of Digital Technologies (A Case Study of The Karshi District Administration)

Sardor Abdullayev — Sun, 29 Jun 2025 17:32:13 +0000

The integration of digital technologies into public administration is reshaping traditional performance evaluation mechanisms, particularly in the context of managerial staff efficiency. This article explores how digital platforms—enabled by artificial intelligence, big data, and KPI automation—can reduce human error, improve objectivity, and increase transparency in performance assessments. By analyzing both international models and the local case of the Karshi District Administration, this research identifies the key benefits of digitalization in human resource management, including enhanced decision-making, real-time monitoring, and alignment with strategic goals. Despite challenges such as budget constraints and digital literacy gaps, digital performance systems represent a forward-looking approach to governance. A SWOT analysis and a comparative framework between traditional and digital assessment models demonstrate the practical advantages of technology-driven evaluation, such as reduced bureaucratic load, improved service quality, and data-driven leadership development. The study proposes a fully digitalized model tailored for executive performance evaluation, promoting a merit-based management culture essential for public sector transformation in the era of globalization.

Directions for Improving The Methodology of Assessing The Food Market Conjuncture

Abduraxmonov Adxamjon Sultonboyevich — Sun, 29 Jun 2025 17:44:00 +0000

This article examines and enhances the existing methodology for assessing the food market conjuncture, emphasizing the importance of timely and accurate analysis in ensuring food security and market stability. The limitations of current assessment tools—particularly those lacking digital integration and comprehensive indicators—are critically analyzed. To address these gaps, the study introduces a refined methodological system that incorporates an expanded set of indicators and digital technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence. By leveraging statistical and expert-based tools, the research offers practical and theoretical insights for improving forecasting models and regional economic policy. Empirical data from Namangan region form the basis of this study, revealing trends in production, consumption, exports, and pricing. The findings demonstrate the relevance of modernized methodologies for better policy responses, enhanced competitiveness of local products, and more balanced regional development. These insights are crucial for creating a resilient food market system responsive to global and local economic dynamics.